References for “Nutraceutical Astaxanthin”

  1. Alejung, P., and T. Wadstroem. 1998. Oral preparation for treatment of Helicobacter sp. Infections – comprises xanthophylls, especially astaxanthin esterified with a fatty acid and derived from the alga Haematococcus sp. World Patent #9837874.
  2. Black, H. 1998. Radical interception by carotenoids and effects on UV carcinogenesis. Nutr. Cancer 31: 212-217.
  3. DiMascio, P., T.P.A. Devasagayam, S. Kaiser, and H. Sies. 1990. Carotenoids, tocopherols and thiols as biological singlet molecular oxygen quenchers. Trans. Biochem. Soc. 18: 1054-1056.
  4. Gradelet, S., P. Astorg, J. LeClerc, J. Chevalier, M.-F. Vernevaut, and M.-H. Siess. 1996. Effects of canthaxanthin, astaxanthin, lycopene and lutein on liver xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes in the rat. Xenobiotica 26: 49-63.
  5. Jyonouchi, H., R.J. Hill, Y. Tomita, and R. A. Good. 1991. Studies of immunomodulating actions of carotenoids. I. Effects of beta-carotene and astaxanthin on murine lymphocyte functions and cell surface marker expression in in vitro culture system. Nutr. Cancer 16: 93-105.
  6. Jyonouchi, H., L. Zhang, and Y. Tomita. 1993. Studies of immunomodulating actions of carotenoids. II. Astaxanthin enhances in vitro antibody production to T-dependent antigens without facilitating polyclonal B-cell activation. Nutr. Cancer 19: 269-280.
  7. Jyonouchi, H., L. Zhang, M. Gross, and Y. Tomita. 1994. Immunomodulating actions of carotenoids: Enhancement of in vivo and in vitro antibody production to T-dependent antigens. Nutr. Cancer 21: 47-58.
  8. Jyonouchi, H., S. Sun, and M. Gross. 1995a. Effect of carotenoids on in vitro immunoglobulin production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells: Astaxanthin, a carotenoid without vitamin A activity, enhances in vitro immunoglobulin production in response to a T-dependent stimulant and antigen. Nutr. Cancer 23: 171-183.
  9. Jyonouchi, H., S. Sun, Y. Tomita, and M.D. Gross. 1995b. Astaxanthin, a carotenoid without vitamin A activity, augments antibody responses in cultures including T-helper cell clones and suboptimal doses of antigen. J. Nutr. 124: 2483-2492.
  10. Jyonouchi, H., S. Sun, M. Mizokami, and M.D. Gross. 1996. Effects of various carotenoids on cloned, effector-stage T-helper cell activity. Nutr. Cancer 26: 313-324.
  11. Kurashige, M., E. Okimasu, M. Inoue, and K. Utsumi. 1990. Inhibition of oxidative injury of biological membranes by astaxanthin. Physiol. Chem. Phys. & Med. NMR 22: 27-38.
  12. Miki, W. 1991. Biological functions and activities of animal carotenoids. Pure & Appl. Chem. 63: 141-146.
  13. Miki, W., K. Hosada, K. Kondo, and H. Itakura. 1998. Astaxanthin-containing drink. Japanese Patent #10155459 [in Japanese].
  14. Murillo, E. 1992. Efecto hipercolesterolémico de la cant Astaxanthinantina y la Astaxanthin en ratas. Arch. Latinoamericanos Nutr. 42: 409-413 [in Spanish].
  15. Nakagawa, K., S.-D. Kang, D.-K. Park, G.J. Handelman, and T. Miyazawa. 1997. Inhibition by beta-carotene and astaxanthin of NADPH-dependent microsomal phospholipid peroxidation. J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. 43: 345-355.
  16. Nishikawa, Y., Y. Minenaka, and M. Ichimura. 1997. Physiological and biochemical effects of carotenoid (beta-carotene and astaxanthin) on rat. Koshien Daigaku Kiyo 25: 19-25 [in Japanese].
  17. Okai, Y., and K. Higashi-Okai. 1996. Possible immunomodulating activities of carotenoids in in vitro cell culture experiments. Int. J. Immunopharmacol. 18: 753-758.
  18. Oshima, S., F. Ojima, H. Sakamoto, Y. Ishiguro, and J. Terao. 1993. Inhibitory effect of beta-carotene and astaxanthin on photosensitized oxidation of phospholipid bilayers. J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. 39: 607-615.
  19. Palozza, P., and N.I. Krinsky. 1992. Astaxanthin and canthaxanthin are potent antioxidants in a membrane model. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 297: 291-295.
  20. Savouré, N., G. Briand, M.-C. Amory-Touz, A. Combre, M. Maudet, and M. Nicol. 1995. Vitamin A status and metabolism of cutaneous polyamines in the hairless mouse after UV irradiation: Action of beta-carotene and astaxanthin. Internat. J. Vit. Nutr. Res. 65: 79-86.
  21. Snodderly, D.M. 1995. Evidence for protection against age-related macular degeneration by carotenoids and antioxidant vitamins. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 62(suppl.): 1448S-1461S.
  22. Suzuki, K., H. Masaki, and M. Takei. 1996a. External preparation for skin. Japanese Patent #08073311 [in Japanese].
  23. Suzuki, K., H. Masaki, and M. Takei. 1996b. External preparation for skin. Japanese Patent #08073312 [in Japanese].
  24. Tanaka, T., Y. Morishita, M. Suzui, T. Kojima, A. Okumura, and H. Mori. 1994. Chemoprevention of mouse urinary bladder carcinogenesis by the naturally occurring carotenoid astaxanthin. Carcinogenesis 15: 15-19.
  25. Tanaka, T., H. Makita, M. Ohnishi, H. Mori, K. Satoh, and A. Hara. 1995a. Chemoprevention of rat oral carcinogenesis by naturally occurring xanthophylls, astaxanthin and canthaxanthin. Cancer Res. 55: 4059-4064.
  26. Tanaka, T., T. Kawamori, M. Ohnishi, H. Makita, H. Mori, K. Satoh, and A. Hara. 1995b. Suppression of azomethane-induced rat colon carcinogenesis by dietary administration of naturally occurring xanthophylls astaxanthin and canthaxanthin during the postinitiation phase. Carcinogenesis 16: 2957-2963.
  27. Tomita, Y., H. Jyonouchi, R.W. Engelman, N.K. Day, and R.A. Good. 1993. Preventive action of carotenoids on the development of lymphadenopathy and proteinuria in MRL-lpr/lpr mice. Autoimmunity 16: 95-102.
  28. Tso, M.O.M., and T.-T. Lam. 1996. Method of retarding and ameliorating central nervous system and eye damage. U.S. Patent #5527533.
  29. Yamashita, E. 1995. Anti-inflammatory agent. Japanese Patent #07300421 [in Japanese].

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